Hexadecimal and Octal Constant in C Programming

Octal:

The number system based on 8 is called octal and uses the digits 0 through 7. In octal, the number 15 is the same as 13 in decimal.

Hexadecimal:

The base 16 number system is called hexadecimal and uses the digits 0 through 9 plus the letters A through F, which stand for 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, respectively. For example, the hexadecimal number A is 10 in decimal.

It is sometimes more easier to use a number system based on 8 or 16 rather than 10. Because these two number systems are used frequently, C allows usto specify integer constants in hexadecimal or octal instead of decimal. A hexadecimal constant must consist of a Ox followed by the constant in hexadecimal form. An octal constant begins with a 0.

Here are two examples:

int hex = 0x40; in Decimal 64

int oct = 040; in Decimal 32

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